{"id":689,"date":"2023-03-18T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-18T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/?p=689"},"modified":"2023-12-02T09:13:05","modified_gmt":"2023-12-02T09:13:05","slug":"09-wireless-mreze-uredaji-standardi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/2023\/03\/18\/09-wireless-mreze-uredaji-standardi\/","title":{"rendered":"9. Wireless"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"689\" class=\"elementor elementor-689\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-67f830b9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"67f830b9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-59f69de9\" data-id=\"59f69de9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38ff1a2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"38ff1a2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>WiFi<\/h1><p><strong>Vrste be\u017ei\u010dnih mre\u017ea<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>WWAN 802.20 &#8211; 2G, 3G<\/li><li>WMAN 802.16 &#8211; WiMax<\/li><li>WLAN 802.11 &#8211; WiFi<\/li><li>WPAN 802.15 &#8211; Bluetooth<\/li><\/ul><p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/01\/\/maxresdefault-4-1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" \/><\/p><p><strong>Ure\u0111aji za pristup be\u017ei\u010dnim mre\u017eama<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Wireless PCI kartica<\/li><li>Wireless USB kartica<\/li><li>WWAN M.2 kartica<\/li><\/ul><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/01\/\/HTB1PGptpHZnBKNjSZFGq6zt3FXac-768x768.jpg\" alt=\"HTB1PGptpHZnBKNjSZFGq6zt3FXac\" \/><\/figure><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/01\/\/61zk-qr6KeL._AC_SL1500_-768x904.jpg\" alt=\"61zk-qr6KeL._AC_SL1500_\" \/><\/figure><figure><\/figure><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/01\/\/415rqNlY2lL._AC_SL1200_-768x426.jpg\" alt=\"415rqNlY2lL._AC_SL1200_\" \/><\/figure><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/01\/\/TL-WN722N_1.0-P1-768x512.jpg\" alt=\"TL-WN722N_1.0-P1\" \/><\/figure><p><strong>Access point<\/strong><\/p><p>Wireless Access Point se \u010desto naziva Access Point ili AP. Access Point je ure\u0111aj koji ima antenu (ili \u010desto par antena) i RJ-45 Ethernet port. Access Point se priklju\u010di na mre\u017eni kabal, a zatim se drugi kraj kabla priklju\u010di na switch ili router.<\/p><p><strong>Ruter<\/strong><\/p><p>Ruter razdvaja ali i povezuje dve ra\u010dunarske mre\u017ee. On omogu\u0107ava saobra\u0107aj izme\u0111u vi\u0161e ra\u010dunarskih mre\u017ea, zbog \u010dega je ruter \u2013 mre\u017eni ure\u0111aj. Jednostavnije re\u010deno \u2013 ruter u va\u0161em doma\u0107instvu s jedne strane je povezan na internet, a s druge strane na va\u0161u privatnu lokalnu mre\u017eu.\u00a0<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/01\/\/0_aG4fe_cHtDVP-sk0-1024x819.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"819\" \/><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=OxiY4yf6GGg\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=OxiY4yf6GGg<\/a><\/p><p><strong>Wireless Repeater \/ Extender<\/strong><\/p><p>To je mre\u017eni ure\u0111aj dizajniran da prihvati signal i da ga proslije\u0111uje\/pro\u0161iruje dalje. Odmah da naglasim da ovim degradirate performanse minimalno za duplo, pa i vi\u0161e. Dakle, ako je WiFi veza mogla da provu\u010de 20Mbit-a, preko repeatera, to je maksimim 10Mbit-a, \u0161to je za obi\u010dan surfanje OK, ali za igranje igrica nedovoljno dobro.<\/p><p>Mnogi ruteri podr\u017eavaju WDS (Wireless Distribution System) koji omogu\u0107ava repeat\/extender wireless mre\u017ea.<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/01\/\/Wireless-Repeater-300Mbps-Network-Router-WiFi-Signal-Range-Extender-Booster-Dual-2-DB-Antennas-US-Plug.jpg_640x640q70.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" \/><\/p><p><strong>Mesh<\/strong><\/p><p>Mesh WiFi konfiguracija sastoji se iz vi\u0161e \u010dlanova (mini rutera) koji komuniciraju izme\u0111u sebe i tako poja\u010davaju WiFi signal i njegov domet. Jedan \u010dlan potrebno je konektovati sa primarnim ruterom za internet a nakon toga ostale \u010dlanove mo\u017eete rasporediti prema va\u0161im potrebama.<\/p><p>Vjerovatno se pitate, zar to nije isto kao i moj WiFi extender ili stari ruter od kojeg sam napravio Bridge\/Repeater mre\u017eu? Zapravo i nije, naime WiFi extenderi rade tako \u0161to kreiraju potpuno novu mrezu i novi SSID (Ruter SSID: Mojnet \/ Extender SSID: mojnet_ext) i na ovaj na\u010din brzina WiFi interneta mo\u017ee da se smanji izmedju 30-50%. Malo skuplji extenderi imaju mogu\u0107nost da koriste isti SSID ali ve\u0107ina uredjaja nije dovoljno \u201csmart\u201d da se svaki put automatski prebace na SSID koji ima ja\u010di signal.<\/p><p>Mesh sa druge strane koristi samo jednu mre\u017eu i jedan SSID na svim \u010dlanovima Mesh mre\u017ee pa je prebacivanje sa jednog \u010dlana na drugi gotovo neprimjetno i de\u0161ava se u djeli\u0107u sekunde. Tako\u0111e Mesh mre\u017ea koristi 2 razli\u010dite mre\u017ee, odnosno jednu za djeljenje internet-a sa uredjajima koji su povezani a drugu za me\u0111usobnu komunikaciju izmedju \u010dlanova Mesh mre\u017ee, na ovaj na\u010din gotovo da nema nikakvih smanjenja brzine interneta, za razliku od klasi\u010dnih extendera koji jednu istu mre\u017eu koriste i za me\u0111usobnu komunikaciju sa ruterom kao i za komunikaciju sa ostalim uredjajima na WiFi mre\u017ei.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/01\/\/Traditional-WLAN-a-versus-Wireless-Mesh-Network-b-e1580669771453.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"662\" height=\"370\" \/><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6HgFAlAzpKo\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=6HgFAlAzpKo<\/a><\/p><p><strong>SSID<\/strong><\/p><p>SSID ozna\u010dava &#8220;Service Set Identifier&#8221;. Prema IEEE 802.11 be\u017ei\u010dnom mre\u017enom standardu, &#8220;skup usluga&#8221; odnosi se na skupinu be\u017ei\u010dnih mre\u017enih ure\u0111aja s istim parametrima. Dakle, SSID je identifikator (ime) WiFi mre\u017ee.<\/p><p>SSID mo\u017ee imati du\u017einu do 32 znaka. Oni razlikuju velika i mala slova pa je &#8220;NetworkName&#8221; razli\u010dit SSID od &#8220;naziv mre\u017ee&#8221;. Dopu\u0161teni su i neki posebni znakovi poput razmaka, podcrtava, razdoblja i crtica.<\/p><p>SSID mo\u017ee biti i skriven, ali se mo\u017ee vrlo lahko otkriti s jednostavnim softverom za skeniranje be\u017ei\u010dnog prometa.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/01\/\/what-is-an-ssid-or-service-set-identifier-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"641\" height=\"258\" \/><\/p><p><strong>WLAN Standardi<\/strong><\/p><p>Wi-Fi je poznata skra\u010denica za be\u017ei\u010dni internet, a nastala je od engleskih rije\u010di Wireless-Fidelity i to je pojam koji manje vi\u0161e svi znamo. Tako\u0111er znamo da ovaj pojam obja\u0161njava odre\u0111enu metodu koju mo\u017eete koristiti za povezivanje s internetom.<\/p><p>Me\u0111utim postoji mnogo razli\u010ditih vrsta Wi-Fi standarda, o kojima danas govorimo vi\u0161e. Va\u0161 router, prijenosno ra\u010dunalo, tablet, pametni telefon i pametni ku\u0107ni ure\u0111aji koriste razli\u010dite be\u017ei\u010dne standarde za povezivanje s internetom. Be\u017ei\u010dni standardi mijenjaju se svakih nekoliko godina. Nadogranje standarda donose br\u017ei internet, bolje veze, vi\u0161e istodobnih veza i sve druge prednosti koje tr\u017ei\u0161te zahtjeva, a tehnolo\u0161ki je izvedivo.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/01\/\/wifi-standards-quick-comparison-table.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"645\" height=\"186\" \/><\/p><p>Shodno izvedbi ure\u0111aja i koli\u010dini antena pove\u0107ava se maksimalni domet. Mo\u017eemo na\u0107i ure\u0111aje koji podr\u017eavaju N standard ali brzine 150Mbps.\u00a0<\/p><p>Mnogi ure\u0111aji su kompatibilni sa starijim standardima i obi\u010dno nalazimo npr. BGN izvedbe.<\/p><p><b>WiFi Kanali<\/b><\/p><p>Kod 2.4Ghz je dostupno 13 kanala a kod 5GHz je to puno vi\u0161e.<\/p><p>U slu\u010daju da u tvom okru\u017eenju postoje drugi ure\u0111aji koji emituju RF ili WiFi signale mo\u017ee do\u0107i do smetnji izazvanih radom ure\u0111aja na istoj frekvenciji i istom kanalu (interferencije me\u0111u ure\u0111ajima) koje se manifestuju sporijim protokom, povremenim ili potpunim prekidom veze.<\/p><p>Da bi prevazi\u0161ao smetnje, na svom ruteru mo\u017ee\u0161 podesiti kanal na kom se WiFi emituje i time pobolj\u0161ati kvalitet prenosa podataka.\u00a0<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/01\/\/wifiscanner-windows-multi-scans-1024x547.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"547\" \/><\/p><p><strong>Sigurnost<\/strong><\/p><p>Najve\u0107i problem dana\u0161njice wifi-ja i danas ostaje njena sigurnost. Dok ste kod \u201cklasi\u010dnih\u201d \u017ei\u010danih mre\u017ea kao medij za prijenos imali \u017ei\u010dani kabel koji povezuje sve umre\u017eene ure\u0111aje i ra\u010dunala\u00a0 ovdje je stvar puno druga\u010dija. Kao medij za \u201ctransport\u201d mre\u017enih paketa koristi se signal koji prolazi zrakom a znamo da zrak je svima dostupan pa je tako i Va\u0161a be\u017ei\u010dna mre\u017ea neza\u0161ti\u0107ena od mogu\u0107ih \u201cnepozvanih\u201d upada u mre\u017eu.<\/p><ul><li>WEP (mo\u017ee se provaliti za 3 minute)<\/li><li>WPA<\/li><li>WPA2<\/li><li>WPA3<\/li><\/ul><p><div class=\"ast-oembed-container \" style=\"height: 100%;\"><iframe title=\"WiFi (Wireless) Password Security - WEP, WPA, WPA2, WPA3, WPS Explained\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/WZaIfyvERcA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><\/p><p><strong>WPS<\/strong><\/p><p>Omogu\u0107ava korisnicima da lako obezbede be\u017ei\u010dnu ku\u0107nu mre\u017eu i da se be\u017ei\u010dno pove\u017eu korisni\u010dki ure\u0111aji kao \u0161to su(iPad, iPhone, Android, Lap-Top, i svi ostali ure\u0111aji koji podr\u017eavaju WPS) bez pode\u0161avanja rutera, i bez be\u017ei\u010dne za\u0161tite(\u0161ifre). Da bi se povezali na WPS, i ruter i korisni\u010dki ure\u0111aj moraju podr\u017eavati WPS standard.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/01\/\/WPS-Protected-Setup.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"600\" \/><\/p><p><strong>Kako za\u0161titi na\u0161u mre\u017eu od upada ?<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Koristiti WPA2 ili WPA3<\/li><li>Updejtovati router<\/li><li>Kori\u0161tenje komplikovanije \u0161ifre<\/li><li>Smanjiti ja\u010dinu signala<\/li><li>Sakriti SSID<\/li><li>MAC Filtering<\/li><\/ul><h1>Demonstracija<\/h1><ol><li>Konfiguracija rutera putem TP-Link demo emulatora<\/li><\/ol><p><a href=\"https:\/\/emulator.tp-link.com\/Emulator_TL-WR841NV14(EU)\/index.htm\">https:\/\/emulator.tp-link.com\/Emulator_TL-WR841NV14(EU)\/index.htm<\/a><\/p><h1>Vje\u017eba #9<\/h1><p><b>ZADATAK 1<\/b><\/p><p>Konfiguri\u0161ite ruter:<\/p><ul><li>SSID: &#8220;Ime prezime&#8221;<\/li><li>WiFi Standard za internet paket Telemacha od 300 Mbps<\/li><li>\u0160ifra: probaj123*<\/li><li>Kanal: 6<\/li><li>Dozvolite da samo ovaj ure\u0111aj se mo\u017ee konektovati: 00-15-5D-2F-EC-15<\/li><\/ul><p>Screenshote snimiti u va\u0161 folder na mre\u017ei.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-087c952 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"087c952\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4040b58\" data-id=\"4040b58\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-424d407 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"424d407\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Zada\u0107a #8<\/h1><p>1. Prona\u0111i ruter koji ima Gigabit WAN i Gigabit LAN portove kod nas u BiH.<br \/>2. Skenirajte va\u0161e mre\u017ee u okolini i po\u0161aljite screenshot (ako imate WiFi router), u suprotnom koristite Android\/IOS aplikaciju WIFIman.<br \/>3. Uslikajte pode\u0161avanja va\u0161eg routera za Wireless. Ako nemate router podesite neki iz TP Link emulatora.<\/p><p><strong>ROK ZA ZADA\u0106U #08 \u2013 2.12.2023. do 23:30h.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8211; Vrste be\u017ei\u010dnih mre\u017ea<br \/>\n&#8211; Ure\u0111aji za pristup<br \/>\n&#8211; SSID<br \/>\n&#8211; WiFI kanali<br \/>\n&#8211; Sigurnost<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1005,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-689","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/689","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=689"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/689\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1436,"href":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/689\/revisions\/1436"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1005"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=689"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=689"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edu.prodesign387.com\/mreze\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=689"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}